How to spot if your dog is in pain

There are two ways you can spot signs of pain in your dog:

Changes in behaviour

You'll know your dog's normal behaviour best and whether they're acting out of character. If you spot any unusual behaviour, it could be a sign that they're in pain.

Common behavioural signs of pain include:

• a lack of interest in playing, walking or going outside
• a lack of energy or depression (no appetite, listless or hiding away)
• a reluctance to be touched or handled
• toileting indoors (if they are toilet trained) or struggling to toilet
• excessive licking where they feel pain
• irritability or growling
• whimpering or howling

Physical signs of pain

Physical signs of pain may be easier to spot, especially if your dog is normally active.

These include:

• limping
• a slower walk than normal or refusal to walk
• a reluctance to lie down or difficulty getting up
• difficulty jumping on furniture or using the stairs
• difficulty eating

Types of pain in dogs

Acute pain

Acute pain in dogs is sudden pain that usually lasts for a short period of time – acute pain usually improves within a few days. It can be caused by an injury such as a cut or bruise, or by an illness.

Chronic pain

Chronic pain in dogs is ongoing pain that can affect your dog's day to day activities.

Chronic pain can be caused by conditions such as arthritis and dental issues. As dogs get older, they are more likely to be affected by chronic pain.

What to do if you think your dog is in pain

If your dog is showing signs of being in pain, it's important to contact the vet as soon as you can. Your vet will ask you about the signs you have noticed, and may do a number of assessments to determine the cause of pain and suitable treatment.

In some cases your vet may need to do further tests such as an X-ray. They may also prescribe pain relief or anti-inflammatory medication.

Managing your dog's pain

Your vet will advise you of specific instructions for your dog's condition, which may include careful management at home to help ease your dog's pain.

• Control your dog's weight carefully. Obesity can worsen the pain caused by conditions such as arthritis. By keeping your dog at a healthy weight, you'll help to reduce inflammation.
• Place water and food bowls in places that are easy to access
• Provide plenty of soft, cushioned beds for your dog to rest
• Provide a ramp or steps for getting on furniture or into the car
• Cover any slippery surfaces in your home with a rug or mat to prevent your dog from falling